Email GB Hammond
Phone Number: (502) 852-5998 (Office)
Fax Number: (502) 852-3899
Address: Department of Chemistry; University of Louisville; Louisville, KY 40292
Ph. D. 1985 University of Birmingham, England

Additional Appointments: 

• Program Director, Chemistry Division, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia

Research Interests:

• Synthetic methods development using fluorine
• Targeting neglected diseases and cancer using bioinspired compounds
• Streamlining chemical synthesis using supported organic phases

Investigators:

• Dr. Bo Xu, Research Assistant Professor
• Dr. Leping Liu, Postdoctoral Fellow
• Jose C. Aponte, Doctorial Student
• Weibo Wang, Doctorial Student
• Zhuang Jin, Doctorial Student
• Junbin Han, Doctorial Student

Selected Publications:

1.  “Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Annulations of 2-(Ynol)Aryl Aldehydes: Facile Synthesis of Benzochromanes and Benzobicyclo[n.3.1]acetals” L. Liu and G. B. Hammond Org. Lett. 2010 in press (ol-2010-01985d).
2. “Tandem Michael Addition/Aldol Reaction of Allenic Ketones with Alkyl Vinyl Ketones: Versatile Synthesis of 2-Alkynyl-1,5-Diketones, 4-Alkynyl-3-Hydroxycyclohexones and 4-Alkynylcyclohexenones” D. Malhotra, L. Liu, G. B. Hammond Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010 in press (201001161).
3. “Fluorine-enabled cationic gold catalysis: Functionalized hydration of alkynes” W. Wang, B. Xu, G. B. Hammond Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010 in press (anie.201003593).
4. “Transformative Syntheses of Fluorinated Heterocyclics Using a Difluorohomopropargylic Template” S. Arimitsu and G. B. Hammond Chimica Oggi/Chemistry Today 2010 28, 20-22.
5. “From Vinylogation to Alkynylogation: Extending the Reactivity of Enolates” B. Xu and G. B. Hammond Synlett Account 2010 1442-1454.
6. “Synthesis of fluorinated δ-lactams via cycloisomerization of gem-difluoropropargyl amides” S. Arimitsu and G. B. Hammond Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010 6, No. 48 (doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.48).
7. “Trypanoside, Anti-Tuberculosis, Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxic Activities of Tetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidines” J. C. Aponte, A. J. Vaisberg, D. Castillo, G. Gonzalez, J. Arevalo, M. Quiliano, M. Zimic, M. Verástegui, E. Málaga, R. H. Gilman, J. M. Bustamante, R. Tarleton, Y. Wang, S.Franzblau, G. Pauli, M. Sauvain, G. B. Hammond Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2010 18, 2880–2886.
8. “Cytotoxic and Anti-infective Sesquiterpenes Present in Plagiochila disticha (Plagiochilaceae) and Ambrosia peruviana (Asteraceae)” J. C. Aponte, H. Yang, A. J. Vaisberg, D. Castillo, E. Málaga, M. Verástegui, L. K. Casson,  N. Stivers, P. J. Bates, R. Rojas, I. Fernandez, W. H. Lewis, M. Sauvain, R. H. Gilman, G. B. Hammond Planta Medica 2010, 76, 705-707.
9. “In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Leishmania Activity of Polysubstituted Synthetic Chalcones” J. C. Aponte, D. Castillo, Y. Estevez, G. Gonzalez, J. Arevalo, G. B. Hammond, M. Sauvain Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2010, 20, 100-103.
10. “Highly efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed synthesis of N-heterocycles through a cyclization-triggered addition of alkynes” J. Han, B. Xu. G. B. Hammond J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 916–917. This article was featured in Synform 2010, 4, A37.
11. “Green Synthesis of Vicinal Dithioethers and Alkenyl Thioethers from the Reaction of Alkynes and Thiols in Water” Z. Jin, B. Xu, G. B. Hammond Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010 168-173.
12. “Highly Efficient and Tunable Synthesis of Dioxabicyclo[4,2,1] Ketals and Tetrahydropyrans via Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 2-Alkynyl-1,5-Diols” L. Liu, G. B. Hammond Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 5090-5092.
13. “AuX3-Mediated Selective Head to Head Dimerization of Difluoropropargyl Amides” S. Fustero, P. Bello, B. Fernandez, C. Del Pozo, G. B. Hammond J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74 7690–7696.
14. “Antihyperlipidemic Compounds From The Fruit Of Piper Longum” L. Z. Jin, G. Borjihan, R. Zhao, Z. Sun, G. B. Hammond, T. Uryu Phytother. Res. 2009, 23, 1194-1196.
15. “Reactions of Cationic Gold(I) with Allenoates: Synthesis of Stable Organogold(I) Complexes and Mechanistic Investigations on Gold-Catalyzed Cyclizations” L. Liu, G. B. Hammond Chem. Asian J. 2009, 4, 1230-1236 (VIP).
16. “TBAF-Mediated Aldol Reaction of b-Allenoates: Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of (2E, 4E)-4-Carbinol Alkadienoates” J. C. Aponte, G. B. Hammond, B. Xu J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 4623–4625.
17. “C-F Activation of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Mediated by Aluminum Reagents” M. Ali, L. Liu, B. Xu, G. B. Hammond Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4078-4080.
18. “A Multipronged Approach to the Study of Peruvian Ethnomedicinal Plants. A Legacy of the ICBG-Peru Project” J. C. Aponte, A. J. Vaisberg, R. Rojas, M. Sauvain, W. H. Lewis, G. Lamas, C. Sarasara, R. H. Gilman, G. B. Hammond. J. Nat. Prod. 2009, 72, 524-526.
19. “Efficient Synthesis Of g-Ketoesters Through Neighboring Carbonyl Group-Assisted Regioselective Hydration Of Alkynyl Esters” W. Wang, B. Xu, G. B. Hammond J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 1640-1643. This Article Was Featured In Synfacts 2009, 5, 552.
20. G. B. Hammond, S. Arimitsu “Synthesis Of Gem-Difluorinated Heterocycles Using A Difluoropropargyl Building Block.” In Fluorinated Heterocycles Andrei A. Gakh, Kenneth L. Kirk, Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 1003, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC; 2009 Pp. 135-164.
21. “A Multipronged Approach to the Study of Peruvian Ethnomedicinal Plants. A Legacy of the ICBG-Peru Project” J. C. Aponte, A. J. Vaisberg, R. Rojas, M. Sauvain, W. H. Lewis, G. Lamas, C. Sarasara, R. H. Gilman, G. B. Hammond. J. Nat. Prod. 2009, 72, 524-526.

Distinctive Scholarship Activities:

1. Chair, Award Selection Committee, American Chemical Society.
2. Member NIH Special Review Emphasis Panel: Kirchstein NRSA Postdoctoral Fellowship.
3. Invited Member, Institute of Molecular Diversity and Drug Design, University of Louisville, since 2004.
4. Chair of the Division of Fluorine Chemistry of the American Chemical Society for 2004. Vice-Chair for Programs of the Division (2001-2003).
5. Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Fluorine Chemistry since 2001.

Awards Received:

• 2007    Research Fellow, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain
• 2004    University Scholar, University of Louisville
• 2002    Fulbright Scholar, U.S. State Department
• 2001     Camille and Henry Dreyfus Scholar-Fellow, Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation
• 2009    Honored during Faculty Excellence Recognition Ceremony, University of Louisville (licensing of anticancer compound).
  

Selected Abstracts:

1.  “A possible mechanism for plagiochiline A activity: Inhibition of cytokinesis” Nicole S. Stivers, Ashraful Islam, Lavona K. Casson, Jose C. Aponte, Gerald B. Hammond, Abraham J. Vaisberg, Paula J. Bates. Poster Presentation at the  American Association of Cancer Research 101st Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. April 17-21, 2010. Abstract: 2486.
2. “Extreme makeover: Re-visiting vinylogy and its applications in synthesis” B. Xu, W. Wang, L.-P. Liu, H. Yang, J. C. Aponte, G. B. Hammond. Poster presented at the 41st  National Organic Chemistry Symposium, Boulder, Colorado, United States, Jun 7-11, 2009. Poster: C5.Gerald B. Hammond, Bo Xu, Weibo Wang and Han Yang, What Lies Beyond Traditional Fluorine Substitution? New Vistas From a Synthetic Standpoint. Keynote presentation 19th International Symposium of Fluorine Chemistry, Jackson Hole, WY, August 23-28, 2009
3. “Anti-trypanosomal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of nature-inspired new chalcones” J. C. Aponte, A. Vaisberg, E. Málaga, M. Verástegui, Y. Estevez, D. Castillo, M. Sauvain, R. H. Gilman, G. B. Hammond. Poster presented at the 11th IMD3 Symposium ‘Molecular Diversity & Drug Design:  Showcase of UofL Expertise’ Louisville, KY, March 10, 2009. 
   
4. Gerald B. Hammond, Bo Xu and Han Yang, Transformative Alkynylogation: Synthetic Applications in Organofluorine Chemistry and Its Biological Implications. Invited talk 19th International Winter Fluorine Conference, St. Petersburg Beach, FL, January 11-16, 2009.
5. Gerald B. Hammond, Rediscovering the importance of allene-propargyl isomerization as a synthetic tool: heterocyclic synthesis, electrophilic substitutions and thermodynamically controlled alkynylogous aldol reactions. Plenary talk 15th European Symposium on Fluorine Chemistry, Prague Czech Republic, July 15-20, 2007.
6. J. C. Aponte, R. E. Rojas, L. Caviedes, R. H. Gilman, C. Sarasara, W. H. Lewis, A. J. Vaisberg, G. B. Hammond, Bioassay-guided isolation of antimycobacterial compounds from Strychnos mitsherlichii and Clavija procera, two ethnomedicinal Peruvian plants. Oral presentation at the 233rd American Chemical Society National Meeting , Chicago, Illinois March 25 – 29, 2007.

Patents & Licenses:

1.  "Methods of synthesis and purification by use of a solid support" U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61234005. Filing date: August 14, 2009. Inventors: B. Xu and G. B. Hammond.
2. “Synthesis of stable organogold compounds and methods of use thereof” PCT/US2009/065488. Filing date: November 23, 2009. Inventors: G. B. Hammond, P. J. Bates, A. J. Vaisberg, L. Liu, B. Xu.
3. “Compounds, Their Syntheses, And Their Uses” PCT/US09/53856. Filing date: August 14, 2009. Inventors: G. B. Hammond, J. C. Aponte, M. Sauvain, R. H. Gilman.Transmed Oncology, Ltd. Phoenix, AZ licensed our provisional patent 12/027,154 for developing of anticancer therapies on December 2008.
4. “Synthesis of stable organogold compounds and methods of use thereof” U. S. Provisional Patent Application 61/118,002.  Filing date: November 26, 2008. Inventors: B. Xu, L. Liu, P. J. Bates, A. J. Vaisberg, G. B. Hammond.
5. “Compounds, Their Syntheses, And Their Uses” U. S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/ 089,231. Filing date: August 15, 2008. Inventors: G. B. Hammond, J. C. Aponte, M. Sauvain, R. H. Gilman.
6. “Therapeutic Compound” U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 12/027,154. Filing date: February 6, 2008. Docket: 17541.060US1. Inventors: G. B. Hammond, B. Xu, P. J. Bates.