Venus EPIC Model test results from Herrnstein , Dowling, Venus EPIC Model, 2006. Strongest zonal wind, u, versus time in the southern. hemisphere (left panel) and northern hemisphere (right panel). Negative values .indicate westward winds, which have the same sense of circulation as the planetary rotation.
Fully developed zonal wind (ms-1) for the case of no topography (left panel) and full topography (right panel). The last year of each 50-year simulation is sampled at 6-hour intervals, interpolated onto pressure coordinates, and then zonally averaged. Contour separation is 5 ms-1 (for clarity, westward flow is indicated by solid lines in this figure). The pressure at the bottom of the plot is 8 x 106 Pa (80 bar). When zonally averaged, the mountains do not show much relief at this scale, based on the work of Konor and Arakawa (1997, Mon. Wea. Rev. 125, 1649-1673).